"MT643"|"Powder River Area, Montana"|18|09/02/2021 17:48:43|18|09/02/2021 17:48:43|09/02/2021 14:07:31|"certified, all components"|"This dataset contains the following changes:

A. Recalculated all national, regional, and local interpretations for all components.

B. The dataset was populated with data elements needed to support the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP).

C. The eleven national interpretations listed below are new for Fiscal Year 2021 or revised:

AGR - Industrial Hemp for Fiber and Seed Production
DHS - Emergency Land Disposal of Milk
ENG - Deep Infiltration Systems
ENG - Lined Retention Systems
ENG - Shallow Infiltration Systems
ENG - Unlined Retention Systems
ENG - Ground-based Solar Arrays, Ballast Anchor Systems
ENG - Ground-based Solar Arrays, Soil-based Anchor Systems
FOR - Drought Vulnerable Soils
SOH - Dynamic Soil Properties Response to Biochar
SOH - Limitations for Aerobic Soil Organisms"|"<metadata><idinfo><citation><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>20210902</pubdate><title>
Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database for
Powder River Area, Montana
</title><pubinfo><pubplace>Fort Worth, Texas</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</publish></pubinfo><othercit>mt643</othercit><onlink>URL:http://DataGateway.nrcs.usda.gov/</onlink></citeinfo></citation><descript><abstract>
This data set is a digital soil survey and generally is the most
detailed level of soil geographic data developed by the National
Cooperative Soil Survey. The information was prepared by digitizing
maps, by compiling information onto a planimetric correct base
and digitizing, or by revising digitized maps using remotely
sensed and other information.

This data set consists of georeferenced digital map data and
computerized attribute data. The map data are in a soil survey area
extent format and include a detailed, field verified inventory
of soils and miscellaneous areas that normally occur in a repeatable
pattern on the landscape and that can be cartographically shown at
the scale mapped. A special soil features layer (point and line
features) is optional. This layer displays the location of features
too small to delineate at the mapping scale, but they are large
enough and contrasting enough to significantly influence use and
management. The soil map units are linked to attributes in the
National Soil Information System relational database, which gives
the proportionate extent of the component soils and their properties.
</abstract><purpose>
SSURGO depicts information about the kinds and distribution of
soils on the landscape. The soil map and data used in the SSURGO
product were prepared by soil scientists as part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
</purpose><supplinf>
Digital versions of hydrography, cultural features, and other
associated layers that are not part of the SSURGO data set may be
available from the primary organization listed in the Point of
Contact.
</supplinf></descript><timeperd><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>20040312</begdate><enddate>20210902</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><current>publication date</current></timeperd><status><progress>Complete</progress><update>As needed</update></status><spdom><bounding><westbc>-106.480</westbc><eastbc>-104.981</eastbc><northbc>45.789</northbc><southbc>44.993</southbc></bounding></spdom><keywords><theme><themekt>None</themekt><themekey>soil survey</themekey><themekey>soils</themekey><themekey>Soil Survey Geographic</themekey><themekey>SSURGO</themekey></theme><place><placekt>USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt><placekey>Montana</placekey><placekey>Powder River County</placekey><placekey>Rosebud County</placekey><placekey>Ashland Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Baldy Peak Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Bay Horse Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Bear Creek School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Bear Skull Mountain Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Beaver Creek School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Belle Creek North Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Belle Creek South Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Belle Creek SW Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Biddle Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Birney Day School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Black Draw Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Blacktail Creek SW Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Bloom Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Box Elder Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Box Elder Draw Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Boyes Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Bradshaw Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Brandenberg Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Broadus Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Browns Mountain Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Cabin Creek NE Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Cabin Creek NW Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Coalwood Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Coleman Draw Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Cook Creek Reservoir Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Cross S School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Davis Creek West Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Deer Creek Buttes Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Divide School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Dry Creek Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Eldon Mountain Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Elk Ridge Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Epsie Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Epsie NE Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Fighting Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Fort Howes Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Foster Creek School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Goodspeed Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Green Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Hamilton Draw Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Hawkey Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Hayes Point Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Hodsdon Flats Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Home Creek Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Huckins School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Johnnie Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>King Mountain Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Knudson Draw Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Leslie Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Lightning Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Little Pilgrim Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Lonesome Peak Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>McKenzie Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Monday Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Moorhead Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>North Stacey School Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Oliphant Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Olive Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Otter Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Pentecost Reservoir Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Phillips Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Pine Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Pocochichee Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Poker Jim Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Powderville Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Quietus Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Rattlesnake Hill Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Rattlesnake Ridge Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Reanus Cone Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Samuelson Ranch Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Sanburn Reservoir Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Sayle Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Sayle Hall Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Snake Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Sonnette Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Stacey Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Stroud Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>T Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Three Bar Ranch Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Threemile Buttes Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Volborg Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Wild Bill Creek Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Willow Crossing Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Witcher Reservoir Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Yager Butte Quadrangle</placekey><placekey>Yarger Butte Quadrangle</placekey></place></keywords><accconst>None</accconst><useconst>
The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation
Service, should be acknowledged as the data source in products
derived from these data.

This data set is not designed for use as a primary regulatory tool
in permitting or citing decisions, but may be used as a reference
source. This is public information and may be interpreted by
organizations, agencies, units of government, or others based on
needs; however, they are responsible for the appropriate
application. Federal, State, or local regulatory bodies are not to
reassign to the Natural Resources Conservation Service any
authority for the decisions that they make. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service will not perform any evaluations of these maps
for purposes related solely to State or local regulatory programs.

Photographic or digital enlargement of these maps to scales greater
than at which they were originally mapped can cause misinterpretation
of the data. If enlarged, maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a larger scale. The
depicted soil boundaries, interpretations, and analysis derived from
them do not eliminate the need for onsite sampling, testing, and
detailed study of specific sites for intensive uses. Thus, these data
and their interpretations are intended for planning purposes only.
Digital data files are periodically updated. Files are dated, and
users are responsible for obtaining the latest version of the data.
</useconst><ptcontac><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntorg>U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service</cntorg></cntorgp><cntpos>State Soil Scientist</cntpos><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing address</addrtype><address>Room 443</address><address>10 East Babcock Street</address><address/><address/><city>Bozeman</city><state>MT</state><postal>59715-4704</postal></cntaddr><cntvoice>406-587-6730</cntvoice><cnttdd>800-877-8339</cnttdd><cntfax>406-587-6761</cntfax><cntemail>alex.dado@usda.gov</cntemail></cntinfo></ptcontac></idinfo><dataqual><attracc><attraccr>
The attribute accuracy is tested by manual
comparison of the source with hard copy plots and/or symbolized
display of the map data on an interactive computer graphic system.
Selected attributes that cannot be visually verified on plots or
on screen are interactively queried and verified on screen. In
addition, the attributes are tested against a master set of valid
attributes. All attribute data conform to the attribute codes in
the signed classification and correlation document and amendment(s).
</attraccr></attracc><logic>
Certain node/geometry and topology GT- polygon/chain relationships
are collected or generated to satisfy topological requirements
(the GT-polygon corresponds to the soil delineation). Some of these
requirements include: chains must begin and end at nodes, chains
must connect to each other at nodes, chains do not extend through
nodes, left and right GT-polygons are defined for each chain
element and are consistent throughout, and the chains representing
the limits of the file are free of gaps. The tests of logical
consistency are performed using vendor software. All internal
polygons are tested for closure with vendor software and are checked
on hard copy plots. All data are checked for common soil lines (i.e.,
adjacent polygons with the same label). Edge locations generally do
not deviate from centerline to centerline by more than 0.01 inch.
The soil survey boundary of Powder River Area, Montana has been
edge matched to the soil surveys of Rosebud County Area, and Part
Big Horn County, Custer County Area, Big Horn County Area, Carter
County, Sheridan County Area, Campbell County, Wyoming, Northern
Part, and Crook County Wyoming.
</logic><complete>
A map unit is a collection of areas defined and named in terms of
their soil components or miscellaneous areas or both. Each map
unit differs in some respect from all others in a survey area and
each map unit has a symbol that uniquely identifies the map unit
on a soil map. Each individual area, point, or line so identified
on the map is a delineation.

Soil Scientists identify small areas of soils or miscellaneous areas
that have properties and behavior significantly different than the
named soils in the surrounding map unit. These minor components
may be indicated as special features. If they have a minimal effect
on use and management, or could not be precisely located, they may
not be indicated on the map.

A map unit has specified kinds of soils or miscellaneous areas
(map unit components), each with a designated range in
proportionate extent. Map units include one or more kinds of soil
or miscellaneous area. Miscellaneous areas are areas that have little
or no recognizable soil.

Specific National Cooperative Soil Survey standards and procedures
were used in the classification of soils, design and name of map
units, and location of special soil features. These standards are
outlined in Agricultural Handbook 18, Soil Survey Manual, 1993,
USDA, NRCS; Agricultural Handbook 436, Soil Taxonomy, 1995,
USDA, NRCS; and all Amendments; Keys to Soil Taxonomy,
(current issue) USDA, NRCS; National Soil Survey
Handbook, title 430-VI,(current issue) USDA, NRCS.

The actual composition and interpretive purity of the map unit
delineations were based on data collected by scientists during
the course of preparing the soil maps. Adherence to National
Cooperative Soil Survey standards and procedures is based on
peer review, quality control, and quality assurance. Quality
control is outlined in the memorandum of understanding for the
soil survey area and in documents that reside with the Natural
Resources Conservation Service state soil scientist. Four kinds
of map units are used in soil surveys: consociations, complexes,
associations, and undifferentiated groups.

Consociations - Consociations are named for the dominant soil.
In a consociation, delineated areas use a single name from the
dominant component in the map unit. Dissimilar components are
minor in extent. The soil component in a consociation may be
identified at any taxonomic level. Soil series is the lowest
taxonomic level. A consociation that is named as a miscellaneous
area is dominantly that kind of area and minor components do not
significantly affect the use of the map unit. The total amount of
dissimilar inclusions of other components in a map unit generally
does not exceed about 15 percent if limiting and 25 percent if
nonlimiting. A single component of a dissimilar limiting inclusion
generally does not exceed 10 percent if very contrasting.

Complexes and associations - Complexes and associations consist
of two or more  dissimilar components that occur in a regularly
repeating pattern. The total amount of other dissimilar components
is minor extent. The following arbitrary rule determines whether
complex or association is used in the name. The major components
of an association can be separated at the scale of mapping. In
either case, because the major components are sufficiently different
in morphology or behavior, the map unit cannot be called a
consociation. In each delineation of a complex or an association,
each major component is normally present though their proportions
may vary appreciably from one delineation to another. The total
amount of inclusions in a map unit that are dissimilar to any of
the major components does not exceed 15 percent if limiting and
25 percent if nonlimiting. A single kind of dissimilar limiting
inclusion usually does not exceed 10 percent.

Undifferentiated groups - Undifferentiated groups consist of two
or more components that are not consistently associated
geographically and, therefore, do not always occur together in
the same map delineation. These components are included in the
same named map unit because their use and management are the same
or very similar for common uses. Generally they are grouped together
because some common feature, such as steepness, stoniness, or
flooding, determines their use and management. If two or more
additional map units would serve no useful purpose, they may be
included in the same unit. Each delineation has at least one of the
major components, and some may have all of them. The same principles
regarding the proportion of minor components that apply to
consociations also apply to undifferentiated groups. The same
principles regarding proportion of inclusion apply to
undifferentiated groups as to consociations.

Minimum documentation consists of three complete soil profile
descriptions that are collected for each soil added to the legend,
one additional per 3,000 acres mapped; three 10 observation
transects for each map unit, one additional 10 point transect per
3,000 acres.

A defined standard or level of confidence in the interpretive
purity of the map unit delineations is attained by adjusting the
kind and intensity of field investigations. Field investigations
and data collection are carried out in sufficient detail to name
map units and to identify accurately and consistently areas of
about 5 acres.
</complete><posacc><horizpa><horizpar>
The accuracy of these digital data is based upon their
compilation to base maps that meet National Map
Accuracy Standards at a scale of 1 inch equals 1,000
feet. The difference in positional accuracy between the
soil boundaries and special soil features locations in the
field and their digitized map locations is unknown. The
locational accuracy of soil delineations on the ground varies
with the transition between map units.

For example, on long gently sloping landscapes the transition
occurs gradually over many feet. Where landscapes change
abruptly from steep to level, the transition will be very
narrow. Soil delineation boundaries and special soil features
generally were digitized within 0.01 inch of their locations on
the digitizing source. The digital map elements are edge matched
between data sets. The data along each quadrangle edge are
matched against the data for the adjacent quadrangle. Edge
locations generally do not deviate from centerline to centerline
by more than 0.01 inch.
</horizpar></horizpa></posacc><lineage><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Soil Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>1971</pubdate><title>Soil Survey of Powder River Area, Montana</title><geoform>atlas</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Washington, D.C.</pubplace><publish>Government Printing Office</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>20000</srcscale><typesrc>paper</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2001</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS1</srccitea><srccontr>
flat sheet scan source containing soil
lines, map unit labels and special soil features for
electronic map compilation, and source used to create
ratioed maps
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>ratioed atlas sheets</title><geoform>atlas</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>paper</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2002</begdate><enddate>2003</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2002</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS2</srccitea><srccontr>
source of soil lines and map unit labels
for 30 percent of the survey area
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin><pubdate>1997</pubdate><title>multiple 7.5 minute orthophotos</title><geoform>remote sensing image</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Ft. Worth, Texas</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service,
National Cartography and Geospatial Center
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>stable-base material</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2001</begdate><enddate>2003</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>USGS1</srccitea><srccontr>compilation base for 30 percent of the survey</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>U.S. Forest Service</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>annotation overlays</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>stable-base material</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2002</begdate><enddate>2003</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2003</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>USFS1</srccitea><srccontr>scan source for 30 percent of the survey</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>U.S. Forest Service</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>
ARC INTERCHANGE files for western portion of the Powder
River Area, Montana soil survey
</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2003</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2003</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>USFS2</srccitea><srccontr>
digital information containing area features for
approximately 30 percent of the soil survey area
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin><pubdate>1995-1996</pubdate><title>multiple digital orthophoto quarter quadrangles (DOQQ)</title><geoform>remote sensing image</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Ft. Worth, Texas</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service,
National Cartography and Geospatial Center
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>12000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2002</begdate><enddate>2003</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>USGS2</srccitea><srccontr>electronic map compilation base</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>raster images, electronic map compilation (EMC)</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2002</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2002</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS3</srccitea><srccontr>raster images of area and special features</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin><pubdate>1995-2001</pubdate><title>multiple 7.5 minute topographic digital raster graphics (DRG)</title><geoform>map</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Ft. Worth, Texas</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2003</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>USGS3</srccitea><srccontr>source used to digitize county boundaries</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>
ARC INTERCHANGE files for western portion of the Powder
River Area, Montana soil survey
</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2003</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2003</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS4</srccitea><srccontr>
revised data to be included in the soil survey
for Powder River Area, Montana
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>MrSID compressed image for Powder River Area, Montana</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2003</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2003</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS5</srccitea><srccontr>NAD83 ortho based used for quality control</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>ARC INTERCHANGE files</title><geoform>map</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>CD-ROM</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2003</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>2003</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS6</srccitea><srccontr>
digital area and special features for verification
for SSURGO
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>2003</pubdate><title>
National Soil Information System (NASIS) database for
Powder River Area, Montana
</title><geoform>tabular digital data</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Fort Collins, Colorado</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service, Information Technology Center
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><typesrc>online</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><sngdate><caldate>2003</caldate></sngdate></timeinfo><srccurr>export certification date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS7</srccitea><srccontr>
map unit legend used for comparison to spatial
map unit labels
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>2004</pubdate><title>National Soil Information System (NASIS) data base</title><geoform>unknown</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Fort Collins, Colorado</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><typesrc>database</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2004</begdate><enddate>2004</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NASIS</srccitea><srccontr>attribute (tabular) information</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>
ArcGIS geodatabase files for the soil survey of
Powder River Area, Montana
</title><geoform>digitized vector data</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><srcscale>24000</srcscale><typesrc>online</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><sngdate><caldate>2009</caldate></sngdate></timeinfo><srccurr>2009</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS8</srccitea><srccontr>
digital information containing area and special
soil features for evaluation
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>2009</pubdate><title>
National Soil Information System (NASIS) database for
Powder River Area, Montana
</title><geoform>tabular digital data</geoform><pubinfo><pubplace>Fort Collins, Colorado</pubplace><publish>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service, Information Technology Center
</publish></pubinfo></citeinfo></srccite><typesrc>online</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><sngdate><caldate>2009</caldate></sngdate></timeinfo><srccurr>export certification date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS9</srccitea><srccontr>
map unit legend used for comparison to spatial
map unit label
</srccontr></srcinfo><srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</origin><pubdate>unpublished material</pubdate><title>region 5 soils geodatabase</title><geoform>file geodatabase</geoform></citeinfo></srccite><typesrc>vector digital data</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><rngdates><begdate>2006</begdate><enddate>2018</enddate></rngdates></timeinfo><srccurr>SSURGO publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>NRCS10</srccitea><srccontr>Source of digital revision - recreated yearly</srccontr></srcinfo><procstep><procdesc>
Powder River Area, Montana had a previously
published soil survey, 1971 at a scale of 1:20000. An evaluation
of the survey concluded that soil delineations and map unit
components were valid.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1</srcused><procdate>2002</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The publication atlas sheets were used to make
ratioed atlas sheets for the quadrangles of Hayes Point, North Stacey
School, Cook Creek Reservoir, Beaver Creek School, Stacey, Elk Ridge,
Ashland, Willow Crossing, Coleman Draw, Home Creek Butte, Samuelson
Ranch, Birney Day School, Green Creek, King Mountain, Yager Butte,
Threemile Buttes, Browns Mountain, Poker Jim Butte, Fort Howes,
Goodspeed Butte, Phillips Butte, Hodsdon Flats, Stroud Creek,
Hamilton Draw, Otter, Reanus Cone, Sayle, and Bloom Creek. The
ratioed atlas sheets and 7.5 minute orthophotos were sent to the
United States Forest Service, Region 1 for compilation and
digitizing.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1, NRCS2, USGS1</srcused><procdate>2002</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
Soil scientist's for the Custer National Forest,
Region 1 compiled soil lines and map unit labels on to annotated
overlays registered to 7.5 minute orthophotos. Ratioed atlas sheets
were referenced for soil line delineations and map unit labels. The
overlays were scanned at 300 dots per inch on an Anatek-Eagle 4050
scanner at Midwest Graphics in Kenosha, Wisconsin. Four corners of
7.5 minute quadrangle were used during data collection. Raster and
vector cleaning, labeling and edge matching were accomplished. The
quadrangles were appended in order to create a seamless area feature
coverage. The data were created in Albers, North American Datum of
1927 in ARC/INFO. ARC INTERCHANGE files were written and forwarded
to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Montana Digitizing
Unit for quality control processing.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS2, USGS1, USFS1, USFS2</srcused><procdate>2003</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The publication atlas sheets and digital
orthophoto quarter quadrangles for Powder River Area, Montana were
sent to Pixxures, Inc. in Lakewood, Colorado for electronic map
compilation. The publication atlas sheets were raster scanned on an
ContexFSC Cougar scanner at 300 dots per inch. Raster borders of
each atlas sheet were clipped.  The clipped raster images were then
rectified to DOQQ imagery, and appended to soil survey wide raster
image with ER Mapper, Version 6.1.  Nine to twelve points per atlas
raster image were selected for rectification to DOQQ imagery.
Quality control routines were accomplished to ensure accurate
rectification to DOQQ imagery.  The rectified raster image was then
georeferenced. Publication imagery was then filtered out leaving
soil delineations, mapunit labels, special and cultural features.
Four corners of the 7.5 minute quadrangle were maintained during
clip routines using OrthoVista, Version 3.2 software.  AutoVue,
Version 15.4 was used to convert raster images to record length
code (RLC) files.  The raster files were written to CD-ROM and
delivered to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Montana
State Office in Bozeman.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1, USGS2, NRCS3</srcused><procdate>2002</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
Raster images were imported to ARC/INFO, Version
8.0 by cartographic technicians at Natural Resources Conservation
Service, (NRCS) Montana Digitizing Unit.  The data were created in
North American Datum of 1983.  Raster cleaning, vector conversion
and editing, edge matching, and labeling were accomplished.
Multiple 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles were used to digitize
county boundaries. All other boundaries were joined to adjacent
surveys.  Special soil features were digitized on screen using raster
image as the source. Edge matching and quality control routines were
accomplished.  Plots were generated of 10 percent of the survey and
sent to the Major Resources Land Area office in Bismarck, North
Dakota for a compilation and digitizing review.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1, NRCS3, USGS3</srcused><procdate>2003</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The ARC INTERCHANGE files from the U.S. Forest
Service were imported to ARC/INFO, Version 8.2 by certification staff
at the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Montana Digitizing
Unit. ARC/INFO was used to edit info item names and to project to
UTM, North American Datum of 1927. The coverage was built for line
node and polygon. New ARC INTERCHANGE files were written and
delivered for cartographic input and quality control routines
necessary to complete the soil survey of Powder River Area, Montana.
</procdesc><srcused>USFS2, NRCS4</srcused><procdate>2002</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
Survey-wide coverages of area and special features
were generated and forwarded to soil scientists on staff at the NRCS
State Office in Bozeman, Montana.  The survey-wide coverages and MrSID
compressed imagery were imported to ARCMAP by a soil scientist on
staff at the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Bozeman state
office. Topology tools were used to revise water boundaries.  Small
water areas were considered for special spot features.  ARC
INTERCHANGE files were written, then forwarded to certification staff
at the Montana Digitizing Unit for verification for SSURGO.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1, NRCS4, NRCS5, NRCS6</srcused><procdate>2003</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The ARC INTERCHANGE files and NASIS information
were imported to ARC/INFO, Version 8.2 by certification staff at the
Montana Digitizing Unit.  The data were processed through evaluation
macros dated December 2003. Boundaries were validated to adjacent soil
survey areas. The data were forwarded to the Soil Data Warehouse for
online distribution.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS6, NRCS7</srcused><procdate>2004</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The National Soil Information System data base
was developed by Natural Resources Conservation Service soil
scientists according to national standards.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS1</srcused><procdate>2004</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The 6/27/06 update: The following edit tasks performed: Verify Pond Freq
where Null with ""none"" Component taxonomic validation(added superactive
in many cases) Ensure veg. production for all soil components Global assign
linear-linear to all landforms At component level (those named as series only)...
Populate: ...landform ...parent material ...horizon designations ...Representative
textures ...Kf below the surface ...Replace Nulls for CaCO3, Gypsum, and SAR with
0 ...horizon structure (representative) ...Horizon and component validations and
resolve A new generated non-technical soil description was added as a component
text note. New report to access it pending.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20040318</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The 8/20/09 update reflects
adding/refreshing 11 national BLM interpretations.
No edits to spatial data.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20090820</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The tabular data were extracted from the data mart
without change. The spatial data's coordinate system was transformed to
UTM Zone 13, Northern Hemisphere (NAD 83) using ESRI ArcObjects 8.3
""ConvertFeatureClass"" and exported to an ESRI shapefile.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20091214</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The survey-wide ArcGIS geodatabase from the online SSURGO data were
imported to ARC/INFO 9.2 by certification staff at the Montana
Digitizing Unit. Topology errors on the boundary, that were
flagged in prepartation for the National Soils Geospatial Database,
were corrected as directed in the National Bulletin: 430-9-5.
Evaluation macros of June 2004 were applied to the
data. Map unit labels were compared to an approved map unit legend
from the National Soil Information System data base.  ARCGIS was
used to join to adjacent survey boundaries and verify previous
adjacent survey joins. The data were uploaded to the soil data
warehouse staging server.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS8, NRCS9</srcused><procdate>2009</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The 1/6/10 update reflects minor boundary edits.
No substantive attribute or spatial edits.
This work is to polish the data in preparation for
the transactional National Soils Geodatabase.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20100106</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The 9/17/10 Update includes attribute data calculations for:
Total Fragment Volume, KF-KW, Exchangeable Acidity, HSG, WEG-WEI,
concrete corrosion, Steel corrosion, Tfactor, refresh generated
brief non-tech description.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20100917</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The spatial data for Powder River Area, Montana soil survey area were
downloaded from the Soil Data Mart on October 15, 2012.
The individual shapefiles were appended into a geodatabase for
region 5. The data were processed in ARCGIS 10.1 using a topology
object with a 0.1 meter cluster tolerance for the purpose of
eliminating gaps and overlaps within the region 5 soils geodatabase.
Individual soil survey area data were exported as shapefiles from the
regional geodatabase. A datum transformation from NAD83 to WGS84 using
the NAD_1983_To_WGS_1984_1 datum transformation method was applied to
the data. The data were checked with the SSURGO Evaluation scripts
provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service. The shapefiles were uploaded to the soil data
warehouse for archival and distribution.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS10</srcused><procdate>2013</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
This version includes four new national interpretations:
Farm and Garden Composting Facility Surface, Fragile Soil Index,
National Commodity Crop Productivity Index (NCCPI) Ver 3.0
and Soil Susceptibility to Compaction.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20171005</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The spatial data for the entire SSURGO database was recertified in October
of 2019 to reduce storage requirements and to improve map display
and geoprocessing performance.  The SSURGO data is internally managed
using 12 Regional Transactional Spatial Databases (RTSD) that are in
an ESRI File Geodatabase format.  The spatial extent of the RTSDs follow the
Soil and Plant Science Division (SPSD) regional administrative boundaries.
The XY coordinate system of this RTSD is USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area
Conic USGS Version WKID: 102039 and has an XY storage precision of 0.001
meters.  The RTSDs were recreated using a reduced storage precision of 0.1
meters to reduce the physical size of the data.  The SSURGO data was also
generalized by removing excess vertices, using a tolerance of 1 meter.
The topology was validated at the CONUS level using a tolerance of 0.2
meters.  This effort directly affects the gSSURGO and gNATSGO product since
these deliverables are in a File Geodatabase format.
</procdesc><srcused>NRCS10</srcused><procdate>2019</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The Natural Resources Conservation Service State Soil Scientist or
delegate, upon completion of data quality verification, determined
that the tabular data should be released for official use. A
selected set of map units and components in the soil survey legend was
copied to a staging database, and rating values for selected
interpretations were generated. The list of selected interpretations is
stored in the database table named sainterp.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20210902</procdate></procstep><procstep><procdesc>
The Natural Resources Conservation Service State Soil Scientist or
delegate verified that the labels on the digitized soil map units
link to map units in the tabular database, and certified the joined
data sets for release to the Soil Data Warehouse. A system assigned
version number and date stamp were added and the data were copied to
the data warehouse. The tabular data for the map units and components
were extracted from the data warehouse and reformatted into the soil
data delivery data model, then stored in the Soil Data Mart. The spatial
data were copied to the Soil Data Mart without change.
</procdesc><srcused>NASIS</srcused><procdate>20210902</procdate></procstep></lineage></dataqual><spdoinfo><direct>Vector</direct></spdoinfo><spref><horizsys><geograph><latres>0.000001</latres><longres>0.0000001</longres><geogunit>decimal degrees</geogunit></geograph><geodetic><horizdn>World Geodetic System 1984</horizdn><ellips>World Geodetic System 1984</ellips><semiaxis>6378137.00000</semiaxis><denflat>298.257222</denflat></geodetic></horizsys></spref><eainfo><detailed><enttyp><enttypl>Special Soil Features</enttypl><enttypd>
Special Soil Features represent soil, miscellaneous area, or landform
features that are too small to be digitized as soil delineations
(area features).
</enttypd><enttypds>Agricultural Handbook 18, Soil Survey Manual, 1993, USDA, SCS.</enttypds></enttyp><attr><attrlabl>Special Soil Features Codes</attrlabl><attrdef>
Special Soil Features labels represent specific Special Soil
Features. These features are identified with a descriptive
label. The label is assigned to the point or line assigned
to represent the feature on maps.
</attrdef><attrdefs>
Agricultural Handbook 18, Soil Survey Manual, 1993, USDA, SCS;
National Soil Survey Handbook, Title 430-VI, part 647
(current issue), USDA, NRCS.
</attrdefs><attrdomv><codesetd><codesetn>
Classification and Correlation of the Soils of Powder River Area,
Montana
</codesetn><codesets>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
</codesets></codesetd></attrdomv></attr></detailed><overview><eaover>
Map Unit Delineations are closed polygons that may be dominated
by a single soil or miscellaneous area component plus allowable
similar or dissimilar soils, or they can be geographic mixtures
of groups of soils or soils and miscellaneous areas.

The map unit symbol uniquely identifies each closed map unit
delineation. Each symbol corresponds to a map unit name. The
map unit key is used to link to information in the National
Soil Information System tables.

Map Unit Delineations are described by the National Soil
Information System database. This attribute database gives the
proportionate extent of the component soils and the properties for
each soil. The database contains both estimated and measured data
on the physical and chemical soil properties and soil
interpretations for engineering, water management, recreation,
agronomic, woodland, range, and wildlife uses of the soil.

The National Soil Information System database contains static
metadata. It documents the data structure and includes such
information as what tables, columns, indexes, and relationships
are defined as well as a variety of attributes of each of these
database objects. Attributes include table and column
descriptions and detailed domain information.

The National Soil Information System database also contains a
distribution metadata. It records the criteria used for selecting
map units and components for inclusion in the set of distributed
data.

Special features are described in the feature table.  It includes an
area symbol, feature label, feature name, and feature description for
each special and ad hoc feature in the survey area.
</eaover><eadetcit>
Soil Taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and
interpreting soil surveys. Agricultural Handbook 436, 1999, USDA, SCS.

Keys to Soil Taxonomy (current issue), USDA, SCS.

National Soil Survey Handbook, Title 430-VI, part 647 (current
issue), USDA, NRCS.

Agricultural Handbook 18, Soil Survey Manual, 1993, USDA, SCS.
</eadetcit></overview></eainfo><distinfo><distrib><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntorg>
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural
Resources Conservation Service, National
Geospatial Center of Excellence
</cntorg></cntorgp><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype><address>501 West Felix Street, Building 23</address><city>Fort Worth</city><state>Texas</state><postal>76115</postal></cntaddr><cntvoice>800 672 5559</cntvoice><cnttdd>202 720 2600</cnttdd><cntfax>817 509 3469</cntfax></cntinfo></distrib><resdesc>Powder River Area, Montana SSURGO</resdesc><distliab>
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer
system at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, no warranty expressed
or implied is made by the Agency regarding the utility of the data
on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute
any such warranty. The U.S. Department of Agriculture will warrant
the delivery of this product in computer readable format, and will
offer appropriate adjustment of credit when the product is determined
unreadable by correctly adjusted computer input peripherals, or
when the physical medium is delivered in damaged condition. Request
for adjustment of credit must be made within 90 days from the date
of this shipment from the ordering site.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor any of its agencies are
liable for misuse of the data, for damage, for transmission of
viruses, or for computer contamination through the distribution of
these data sets. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits
discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race,
color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political
beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all
prohibited bases apply to all programs.)
</distliab><stdorder><digform><digtinfo><formname>ESRI shapefile</formname><formcont>spatial</formcont><transize>89.2</transize></digtinfo><digtopt><onlinopt><computer><networka><networkr>URL:http://DataGateway.nrcs.usda.gov/</networkr></networka></computer><accinstr>
Select desired survey area at above Internet
Web site. An email address is required for receipt of
instructions on retrieval via anonymous FTP. Anticipate a
delay between submission of request at Web site and receipt of
email message.
</accinstr></onlinopt></digtopt></digform><fees>
There is currently no direct charge for requesting data or for
retrieval via FTP.
</fees><ordering>
Visit the above mentioned Internet Web Site, select state or
territory, then select individual soil survey area of interest.
Spatial line data and locations of special feature symbols are in
ESRI ArcGIS shapefile, format. The National Soil Information
System attribute soil data are available in variable length, pipe
delimited, ASCII file format.
</ordering><turnarnd>Typically within four hours</turnarnd></stdorder></distinfo><metainfo><metd>20210902</metd><metc><cntinfo><cntorgp><cntorg>U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service</cntorg></cntorgp><cntpos>State Soil Scientist</cntpos><cntaddr><addrtype>mailing address</addrtype><address>Room 443</address><address>10 East Babcock Street</address><address/><address/><city>Bozeman</city><state>MT</state><postal>59715-4704</postal></cntaddr><cntvoice>406-587-6730</cntvoice><cnttdd>800-877-8339</cnttdd><cntfax>406-587-6761</cntfax><cntemail>alex.dado@usda.gov</cntemail></cntinfo></metc><metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn><metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv></metainfo></metadata>"|"13045"
